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The basic operation of a laser tag system can be found on Wikipedia.
“Laser tag is a team or individual sport or recreational activity where players attempt to score points by tagging targets, typically with a hand-held infrared-emitting targeting device.”
The two basic parts of a laser tag system are (1) a shooting element and (2) a target.
The laser tag system is a simple optical communications link. The shooting element is a modulated LED and the target is a photodetector.
basic operation of shooting element:
The basic operation of target: